Managing Extreme Evaluation Anxiety Through Nonverbal Communication
Main Article Content
Abstract
“Many evaluative situations cause people to fear that they will be found to bedeficient or inadequate by others...” (Donaldson, Gooler, & Scriven, 2002, p. 261). Donaldson, et al. (2002) use the acronym XEA to describe excessive anxiety and explain that “...there are people who are very upset by, and sometimes rendered virtually dysfunctional by, any prospect of evaluation, or who attack the evaluation without regards to how well conceived it might be” (ibid). A common technique or ‘magic bullet’ to prevent excessive anxiety would not exist in program evaluation.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright and Permissions
Authors retain full copyright for articles published in JMDE. JMDE publishes under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY - NC 4.0). Users are allowed to copy, distribute, and transmit the work in any medium or format for noncommercial purposes, provided that the original authors and source are credited accurately and appropriately. Only the original authors may distribute the article for commercial or compensatory purposes. To view a copy of this license, visit creativecommons.org
References
Burgoon, J. K., Buller, D. B., Hale, Jerold L., & deTurck, M. A. (1984). Relational messages associated with nonverbal behaviors [Electronic version]. Human Communication Research. 10 (3, Spring), 351-378.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1984.tb00023.x
Burgoon, J. K., Coker, D. A., & Coker, R. A. (1986). Communicative effects of gaze behavior: A test of two contrasting explanations [Electronic version]. Human Communication Research. 12 (4, Summer), 495-524.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1986.tb00089.x
Donaldson, S.I. (2001). Overcoming our negative reputation: Evaluation becomes known as a helping profession [Electronic version]. American Journal of Evaluation, 22, p. 355-361.
https://doi.org/10.1177/109821400102200311
Donaldson, S.I., Gooler, L.E., & Scriven, M. (2002). Strategies for managing evaluation anxiety: Toward a psychology of program evaluation [Electronic version]. American Journal of Evaluation. 23(3), p. 261-272.
https://doi.org/10.1177/109821400202300303
Ebesu, A. S. & Burgoon, J. K. (1996). Nonverbal Communication. In M. B. Salwen & D. W. Stacks (Eds.), An integrated approach to communication theory and research (pp. 345-358). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Fatt, J. P. T., (1999, June 1). It's not what you say, it's how you say it - nonverbal communication. Communication World. Retrieved November 9, 2004 fromhttp://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m4422/is_6_16/ai_55580031/print
Nolen, W. E. (1995, April 1)Reading people - nonverbal communication in internal auditing. Internal Auditor. Retrieved November 9, 2004 from http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m4153/is_n2_v52/ai_17003168/print
Keiser, G. J., & Altman, I. (1976). Relationship of nonverbal behavior to the social penetration process [Electronic version]. Human Communication Research. 2 (2, Winter), 147-161.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1976.tb00707.x
Palmer, M. T. & Simmons, K. B. (1995). Communicating intentions through nonverbal behaviors. Conscious and nonconscious encoding of liking [Electronic version]. Human Communication Research. 22 (1, September), 128-160.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1995.tb00364.x
Self, C. C. (1996) Credibility. In M. B. Salwen & D. W. Stacks (Eds.), An integrated approach to communication theory and research (pp. 345-358). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.