@article{Parekh_Killoran_Crawford_2011, title={The Toronto connection: Poverty, perceived ability, and access to education equity}, volume={34}, url={https://journals.sfu.ca/cje/index.php/cje-rce/article/view/941}, abstractNote={<p>This study explores the educational opportunities available to secondary high school students in the Toronto District School Board (TDSB), using both public TDSB and Ontario Ministry of Education data. Family income, parental education, and student participation in special education (excluding Gifted) are key units of analysis, as are the types of programs that the TDSB provides. The research found that low income students, students whose parents lack university education, and students in special education have less access to socially valued educational programs. The research found a significant overrepresentation of low income students receiving special education services and in other programs that offer few options for post-secondary education. Work-oriented programs were found to be most prominently available in the lowest income neighbourhoods in Toronto.</p><p>Key words: Neoliberalism, education, streaming, Toronto, disability, poverty, vocational</p>}, number={3}, journal={Canadian Journal of Education/Revue canadienne de l’éducation}, author={Parekh, Gillian and Killoran, Isabel and Crawford, Cameron}, year={2011}, month={Oct.}, pages={249–279} }